Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) and Machine Learning (M.L.) in India

References & Backgrounds

For the last few years, artificial intelligence has been in equal discussion on various reasons and issues. Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science which deal with the making of intelligent machines.

Recently, niti aayog, a think tank of the government, and Google have agreed that the two will work together on a number of initiatives aimed at promoting india’s emerging artificial intelligence (Artificial Intelliegence-AI) and machine learning (Machine Learning-ML) ecosystem, which will help in creating an ecosystem of artificial intelligence in the country. NITI Aayog has been entrusted with the responsibility of developing technologies like AI and preparing a national programme for research. On this responsibility, NITI Aayog is developing a National Strategy on Artificial Intelligence with national data and analytics portal to make it widely used.

Google’s artificial intelligence company DeepMind is working on several projects in collaboration with the British National Health Service.
Sometimes Artificial intelligence and machine learning are considered synonymous, but it is not. Further, the difference between the two has been clarified so that confusion does not arise.

What is Artificial Intelligence?
In simpleterms, Artificial Intelligence means developing the ability to think and make decisions in a machine. Artificial Intelligence is considered to be the most advanced form of computer science and creates a brain in which computers can think… A computer brain that can think like humans.

Types of Artificial Intelligence

(1) Purely Reactive
(2) Limited Memory
(3) Brain Theory
(4) Self-Conscious

Artificial Intelligence was started in the 1950s. Artificial Intelligence means intellectual capacity developed in a artificial manner.
It creates a computer system or robotic system, which is tried to run on the basis of the same arguments that the human brain works on.

Artificial Intelligence is a way of creating computer-controlled robots or intelligence-thinking software like humans.
It studies how the human brain thinks and learns, decides and works when solving the problem.

From many Hollywood films you can know what Artificial Intelligence is! Artificial intelligence can also be seen and understood in noted actor Rajinikanth’s ‘Robot’ in India as well. However, the computer system with Artificial Intelligence has defeated Gary Kasporov of Russia, one of the greatest chess players of all time, in 1997.

This is how Artificial Intelligence was launched

Artificial Intelligence was introduced only in the 1950s, but its importance was recognized in the 1970s.
Japan first took the initiative and launched a scheme called Fifth Generation in 1981.
It outlined a 10-year programme for the development of supercomputers.
Thereafter, other countries also took note of this. Britain created a project called ‘Elvi’ for this purpose.
Eu countries also launched a programme called ‘Spirit’.
Subsequently, in 1983, some private institutions jointly established micro-electronics and computer technology, a consortium to develop advanced technologies that apply to Artificial Intelligence, such as Very Large Scale Integrated circuits.

Where are you using it?

It would not be an exaggeration to say that the present era is a round of experiments on Artificial Intelligence.

Major Applications of Artificial Intelligence

(1) Computer Gaming
(2) Natural Language Processing
(3) Proficiency System
(4) Vision System
(5) Speech Recognition
(6) Intelligent Robots

Also, run a highly complex system… Preparing new medicines… New Chemical Explore… From the mining industry to space… From the stock market to insurance companies… There is no area of human life left in which artificial intelligence is not interfered with.

Let’s try to understand this example…

Today, the movement of aircraft around the world is entirely computer dependent. Which plane will pass through which way… Where will you deliver the luggage… All these machines are fixed and instructed. That is, Artificial Intelligence is being used for air traffic control.
This means that the work that takes more time for a man or what is complex and difficult can be handled in a jiffy with the help of these machine brains.

Possibilities of Artificial Intelligence in India

With significant progress in the fields of robotics, virtual realty, cloud technology, big data, artificial intelligence and machine learning and other technologies, the possibilities of the fourth industrial revolution in India are being explored in the near future.
It will be specifically used in innovations especially for the social and inclusive welfare of the country.

The time is approaching to adopt future technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning to enhance capacity in the field of health care, improve education, develop innovative governance systems for citizens and improve the overall economic productivity of the country.
NITI Aayog’s partnership with Google will introduce a number of training firsts, support startups and Ph.D. AI research will be promoted through scholarships.

Efforts being made by the Government

A Committee has been constituted under the Chairmanship of Rajiv Kumar, Vice Chairman, NITI Aayog to outline the Artificial Intelligence Programme at the national level. It will also represent academicians and industry besides representatives of the Government.
In the current budget, the government has made a provision of $480 million for fifth generation technology startups, including Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning Internet of Things, 3-D printing and block chains.
In addition, the Government is planning to promote research, training, human resources and skill development in the fields of Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, Digital Manufacturing, Big Data Intelligence, Real Time Data and Quantum Communication.

7-point strategy on Artificial Intelligence

Earlier in October last year, the Central Government had formulated a 7-point strategy that would form the basis of India’s strategic plan to use Artificial Intelligence. The major ones are:
To create developing methods for the interaction of human machines.

Building a capable workforce with Artificial Intelligence and R&D.
Ensuring the safety of artificial intelligence systems.
To understand and work on the moral, legal and social implications of Artificial Intelligence.
To evaluate measurement symmetrically by treating artificial intelligence technology as standard and through benchmarks.

Caution is also important

Artificial Intelligence will bring about a comprehensive change in our way of living and working. Technologies like robotics and virtual reality will revolutionize production and manufacturing methods. According to an Oxford University study, 1.5 million jobs will be lost in the next two decades in the United States alone.

Perhaps we can deal with employment challenges in the world of artificial intelligence, but it will be difficult to avert the biggest threat. Therefore, it is clear that machines with Artificial Intelligence have as many advantages as there are dangers. All machines and weapons can rebel. Such a situation is conceived in a Hollywood film like ‘Terminator’.

Intelligent robots are becoming
The latest invention the era reflects the intelligence of AI machines. With the help of Artificial Intelligence, robots are made effective and intelligent. Such robots have made their way abroad and in many of the country’s largest companies and are doing things that workers and technical staff find extremely difficult to do.

Saudi Arabia’s Intelligent Robot Sofia

The robot named Sophia was built by David Henderson, founder of The Hanson Robotics, in 2016.
Saudi Arabia granted it its full citizenship on October 25, 2017 and is the first robot in the world to acquire citizenship of any country.
Sophia’s gestures are exactly like that of human beings and she can also recognize the expressions on the other’s face.
Sophia, apart from interacting with anyone with her intelligence, can do all the work like humans and hold her own views.
Sophia has all the rights of Saudi Arabia that the government confers on its citizens.

Whenever Sophia is wrong, she can also be prosecuted according to Saudi law.
If another person or citizen does something wrong to Sophia, Sophia can also file a lawsuit according to Saudi law.
Sophia has arrived in India: Robot Sophia also attended asia’s largest tech fest-2017 in Mumbai when it was held. Sophia adopted the Indian style at the event and wore a white and sentry saree in Indian attire at the program.

Sophia greeted the people present by saying ‘Namaste India, Main Sophia’. At the Tech Fest 2017, 3,000 people were curious about how Sophia spoke and answered questions. Sophia answered all the questions in a very clever and effective manner. Sophia spoke to the people present at the Hindi.

What is Machine Learning (Machine Learning)?

For example, Artificial Intelligence is used for computer programs that try to solve problems that humans can easily do, such as looking at a photo and telling about it. Similarly, another thing that humans do easily is to learn from examples… And machine learning programs try to do the same, that is, to tell computers about learning from examples. It requires a lot of algorithms, etc., so that computers can learn to make better estimates. But now efforts are being made to give machines more common sense to teach machines faster with less algorithm, which is technically called ‘regulatory’.

Try to explain it more than an example…

The policeman, starring Tom Cruise in the Hollywood film ‘Minority Report’, captures future criminals before breaking the law on the basis of information from three supernatural powers.

In fact, it is more difficult to predict, but because of the increasing ability of computers to predict, such a possibility no longer seems to be confined to the imagination. Machine learning programs can make remarkably accurate forecasts. It works on the principle of finding patterns in large quantities of data.

Try to explain this with this example…

Take cleanliness in a restaurant. This machine learning program determines what unseen factors cause problems, but once the machine is trained, it will be able to assess the risk of the restaurant getting dirty.

Learn with Google AI

Artificial intelligence and machine learning are the talk of the town in the world of technology. That is why Google is trying to get maximum information about artificial intelligence and machine learning. In view of this, Google has launched a website called Learn with Google AI to make people understand how artificial intelligence technology works and what is the principle of machine learning. Google has launched a machine learning crash course prepared by experts for the same.

The development of artificial intelligence technology reflects the diversity of different human attitudes and needs. Google AI is giving this information free of cost to all and this course is for all those who want to know about machine learning. Learn with Google AI also has online course facility. You can get this information through feature videos and visual illustrations of Google’s machine learning expert. The course has a duration of 15 hours in which Google researchers will deliver lectures.

The course has been developed by Google’s engineering education team.

Conclusion:

The concept of Artificial Intelligence is not new, it is very old. Greek myths find stories related to the concept of ‘mechanical man’, that is, a person who imitates one of our behaviours. Early European computers were designed as ‘logical machines’, i.e., they developed capabilities such as basic mathematics, memory and were used as mechanical brains. But as technology advanced and calculations became complex, so did the concept of artificial intelligence. It sought to develop them as human behavior, so that they could be able to do more and more human things in the way we all usually do.

Google CEO Sundar Pichai says that for the benefit of humanity, we have learnt to use fire and electricity, but it is important to overcome the bad aspects. Similarly, Artificial Intelligence is a similar technology and can be used to treat cancer or to address climate change problems.

The creation of AI is one of the greatest invention in the history of our civilization. But the fact is that if you don’t find a way to avoid its risk, it can have serious consequences, because despite all the benefits, artificial intelligence has its own dangers. Overall, the rise of a powerful AI can be beneficial and harmful for too for us. At the moment, we do not know what its nature will be, so more research needs to be done in this regard.

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Shivanga Kumar Gogoi

I am Shivanga Kumar Gogoi, owner of the Multigyan.com website. I am a B.Tech degree holder and 21yrs old young entrepreneur from the City of Jorhat, Asam. By profession, I'm an instrumentation engineer, web designer, google webmaster and SEO optimizer. I have deep knowledge of Google AdSense and I am interested in Blogging.

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